Free Daily Headlines :

  • COVID-19
  • Vaccine Info
  • Money
  • Politics
  • Education
  • Health
  • Justice
  • More
    • Environment
    • Economic Development
    • Gaming
    • Investigations
    • Social Services
    • TRANSPORTATION
  • Opinion
    • CT Viewpoints
    • CT Artpoints
DONATE
Reflecting Connecticut’s Reality.
    COVID-19
    Vaccine Info
    Money
    Politics
    Education
    Health
    Justice
    More
    Environment
    Economic Development
    Gaming
    Investigations
    Social Services
    TRANSPORTATION
    Opinion
    CT Viewpoints
    CT Artpoints

LET�S GET SOCIAL

Show your love for great stories and out standing journalism

Tax breaks for seniors could widen gap between CT’s rich and poor

  • Money
  • by Keith M. Phaneuf
  • October 10, 2019
  • View as "Clean Read" "Exit Clean Read"

Connecticut has just begun a seven-year program to ease the tax burden on its elderly, a process that will provide nearly $170 million in annual relief by 2025.

But much of that relief is targeted at seniors with pensions and annuities —  benefits that are increasingly less common for low- and middle-income residents, particularly minorities.

At the same time, lawmakers have chipped away at other tax credits for the poor and middle class and imposed new burdens on this income group, such as the sales tax surcharge on prepared meals and a fee on plastic bags.

It appears that in their push to make Connecticut a more attractive place to retire, lawmakers also inadvertently worsened the inequality gap in a state already known for its extremes of income wealth.

“We seem to be schizophrenic about this,” said University of Connecticut economist Fred Carstensen. “All of this tax stuff in Connecticut is done in silos. It just amazes me there is no coordination. You don’t move to Florida just because you’re going to pay somewhat less in state taxes down there.”

Carstensen said these policy choices likely will push more Connecticut residents toward poverty than lead additional seniors to financial comfort. But legislators said they did their best in tough fiscal times as they tried not to overburden the most vulnerable while simultaneously addressing an issue many officials fear: the exodus of Connecticut retirees.

“We seem to be schizophrenic about this. All of this tax stuff in Connecticut is done in silos. It just amazes me there is no coordination. You don’t move to Florida just because you’re going to pay somewhat less in state taxes down there.”

University of Connecticut Economist Fred Carstensen

“We’re trying to strike a delicate balance and meet two goals that are both a priority,” said Rep. Jason Rojas, D-East Hartford, co-chairman of the legislature’s tax-writing finance committee.

“I don’t think we look at things holistically very often, but the idea was to entice those who work here to retire here,” said Senate Minority Leader Len Fasano, R-North Haven. “If they’re staying here, they’re buying groceries here, going to stores here and paying taxes here.”

Ryan Caron King :: Connecticut Public Radio

University of Connecticut economist Fred Carstensen

Regardless of whether legislative policy-making is schizophrenic, lawmakers rarely find bipartisan unity when it comes to tax laws.

But after a nine-month-long battle to craft a new, state budget in 2017, Democrats and Republicans united in November of that year to adopt a two-year plan.

After years of deficits and a sluggish recovery from the last recession, Connecticut finally was seeing signs of economic growth and rising tax receipts in the state’s coffers.

And one of the few things both parties insisted upon in that plan was tax relief for the elderly.

Long-planned state income tax breaks for retired military personnel and teachers went forward as planned, but the primary relief for seniors was aimed at Social Security, pension and annuity income.

Connecticut already had exempted Social Security from the state income tax if a retiree’s total annual income was less than $50,000, or if a retired couple’s was less than $60,000. And taxpayers with incomes greater than these limits receive a 75% exemption.

Starting with tax returns filed this year, these limits were raised to $75,000 and $100,000, respectively.

The second tax break, which would go into effect between 2019 and 2025, would phase out state income taxes on pensions and annuities for retirees with overall income less than $75,000, and for couples with less than $100,000.

mark Pazniokas :: ctmirror.org

Sen. Len Fasano.

By 2025, according to state analysts, elderly residents who qualify for these breaks will save a collective $166 million per year.

And if these income limits of $75,000 and $100,000 seem modest, consider this: The average Social Security benefit in Connecticut is about $1,550 per month or roughly $18,600 per year.

And, according to the Pension Rights Center, the median pension in 2016 for adults over age 65 was $9,262 for those who retired from the private sector  and $17,576 for those who worked in state and local government.

Providing tax relief for retirees earning more than $75,000 per year generally targets either those with significant retirement benefits. or those who must still to work to make ends meet.

Connecticut is hardly alone in its passage of tax policies that favor wealthy seniors.

An analysis released this past summer by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, a Washington, D.C.-based fiscal think-tank, warned that states, in general, send a “large share” of their elderly-focused tax breaks to high-income seniors who need them the least.

“In particular, exemptions for retirement income such as pensions benefit those higher up the income scale more,” CBPP analyst Elizabeth C. McNichol wrote. “As a result, these state policies favor those fortunate enough to receive pensions or annuities — either through a defined benefit plan or a contribution-based plan like a 401(k) — and whose jobs pay enough for them to save for retirement.”

McNichol added that “they also favor those who do not need to continue to work past the traditional retirement age in order to support themselves and their families.”

The center’s analysis found that Connecticut’s tax system was relatively favorable to seniors compared with most other states and that was before the state’s new tax cuts took effect.

“I don’t think we look at things holistically very often, but the idea was to entice those who work here to retire here. If they’re staying here, they’re buying groceries here, going to stores here and paying taxes here.”

Senate Minority Leader Len Fasano

Connecticut has long been a land of sharp contrasts when it comes to income and wealth.

Since the last recession, inequality in Connecticut has not been a simple case of hedge fund principals reaping rewards that dwarf a still-prosperous middle class. Rather, only the richest of Connecticut’s most affluent households, on average, have improved their standing.

The CBPP study warned that tax breaks aimed at seniors regardless of income can reinforce and exacerbate inequality along racial lines.

“Many black and Hispanic families have faced long-standing employment and housing discrimination that have made it difficult to build savings for each generation and invest in the future of the next,” the study states. “People of color are also less likely to be covered by a defined benefit pension plan and are much less likely to have retirement savings than white households of the same age and income.”

Still, lawmakers here say the importance of encouraging more retirees to stay in Connecticut also can’t be understated. And the issue of income migration out of Connecticut has been a subject of debate at the Capitol for more than a decade.

U.S. Census data shows that Connecticut, and most other rich states, have lost income via migration throughout the past decades — yet still remain in the top tier for wealth. Similarly, those states with the lowest incomes per capita gain income via migration almost ever year — yet remain the poorest.

An analysis published in 2016 in the American Sociological Review concluded the wealthy generally are “embedded elites” and not “transitory millionaires.” It found the wealthy are more likely to be married, have children, and to own their own homes and businesses — all impediments to moving for tax purposes.

But retirees presumably don’t have to worry about business and their children likely are grown and independent.

In addition, a small sample size of data shows income migration out of Connecticut could be accelerating following major state tax hikes in 2011 and 2015.

Jacqueline Rabe Thomas :: CTMirror.org

Rep. Jason Rojas, D-East Hartford

John Erlingheuser, advocacy director for the Connecticut AARP, echoed the competing concerns and balancing act cited by Rojas.

Erlingheuser noted that seniors who want to remain here face one of the highest costs of living in the nation. Most survive on fixed incomes and face sharply rising health care expenses.

But he added “we definitely support equitable and cost-effective ways to target tax relief to low and moderate-income wage-earners.”

Connecticut officials, though, have struggled to provide tax relief to any groups over the past decade as massive pension debt — accumulated over more than seven decades — has joined with a sluggish economic recovery to take a hefty toll on state finances.

“It’s a gigantic anchor around our neck,” Rojas said, adding he believes most legislators would like to expand overall tax relief for seniors and add targeted relief for the poorest elderly residents. “We’ve made valiant attempts to address these things and try to keep our state moving in the right direction.”

But even when the 2017 tax cuts for seniors were enacted, legislators gave with one hand and took back with the other.

At its peak in 2011, the state income tax credit that helps offset property taxes paid by residents of all ages returned $380 million to low- and middle-income residents.

But a credit which once topped out at $500 is down to $200, and eligibility rules have been tightened considerably. It now returns just $50 million to taxpayers.

Similarly, a state earned income tax credit used to help the state’s poorest income tax filers was slashed in 2017 from 30% of the federal EITC to 23%.

“The EITC is enormously beneficial” when it comes to helping those most in need, Carstensen said, adding that every $1 the state refunds to a poor household reduces its need, on average, for 87 cents worth of government assistance.

We seem to be so worried about high-income individuals moving out of this state,” Carstensen added, “but we have bigger issues that need to be addressed.”

Sign up for CT Mirror's free daily news summary.

Free to Read. Not Free to Produce.

The Connecticut Mirror is a nonprofit newsroom. 90% of our revenue comes from people like you. If you value our reporting please consider making a donation. You'll enjoy reading CT Mirror even more knowing you helped make it happen.

YES, I'LL DONATE TODAY

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Keith M. Phaneuf A winner of numerous journalism awards, Keith Phaneuf has been CT Mirror’s state finances reporter since it launched in 2010. The former State Capitol bureau chief for The Journal Inquirer of Manchester, Keith has spent most of 31 years as a reporter specializing in state government finances, analyzing such topics as income tax equity, waste in government and the complex funding systems behind Connecticut’s transportation and social services networks. A former contributing writer to The New York Times, Keith is a graduate of and a former journalism instructor at the University of Connecticut.

SEE WHAT READERS SAID

RELATED STORIES
With billions in federal relief on the way to CT, legislators assert their role in deciding how to spend it
by Keith M. Phaneuf and Mark Pazniokas

With an unusual bill, state legislators are reminding Gov. Ned Lamont they have significant role in disbursing federal coronavirus relief.

CT hasn’t started collecting new payroll tax from state workers
by Keith M. Phaneuf

Connecticut established a new payroll tax surcharge on Jan. 1 but still isn't deducting it from state workers' paychecks.

Lamont’s budget offers another round of tax amnesty
by Keith M. Phaneuf

Gov. Ned Lamont’s proposal waives penalties and caps interest at 3% over each of the next two fiscal years.

Senate sends data center incentives and town aid pledge bills to Lamont’s desk
by Keith M. Phaneuf

Senate endorsed an omnibus fiscal bill that lays the groundwork for a major boost in PILOT aid to many municipalities.

House approves big municipal aid pledge, tax incentive bills
by Keith M. Phaneuf and Mark Pazniokas

The House approved bills Wednesday pledging $100 million-plus in new municipal aid and offering tax incentives to attract data centers.

Support Our Work

Show your love for great stories and outstanding journalism.

$
Select One
  • Monthly
  • Yearly
  • Once
Artpoint painter
CT ViewpointsCT Artpoints
Opinion The Board of Regents’ changes must not shortchange its students or faculty
by Carrie Andreoletti, PhD

As a university professor and a lifespan developmental psychologist, I tend to approach my work from a developmental perspective. This means I aim to foster a lifelong love of learning and to help others find a sense of meaning and purpose, as well as confidence in their ability to reach their goals. My approach to higher education is shaped by my desire to provide the best possible education for my students. This is why the recent Board of Regents’ proposed changes at the four state universities have me worried.

Opinion How to close schooling opportunity gaps created by the pandemic
by Carol Gale

We ask school district leaders to trust your public servants whose daily work life involves assessing student needs and planning or modifying instruction to meet those needs. Listen to their voices, as we have, and allocate precious resources on interventions that will offer increased opportunities for Hartford students to succeed.

Opinion A new guide for schools: How to work with families this spring
by Michael Arrington and Erika Haynes

With months of remote and hybrid learning to go, families and educators continue to adapt and innovate to meet the moment. Since August, we’ve spoken with hundreds of parents, caregivers, family support groups, educators, and students across Connecticut and the country about things things that have worked --strategies, big and small, that have made this time more manageable and helped children learn and stay connected with peers.

Opinion Housing is a human right
by Tenaya Taylor

Nonprofit Accountability Group is a queer- and trans-led group based in Hartford that is dedicated to creating racial equity by directing resources to Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) and disabled children and families. NAG was founded in 2020 as an organization with a transformative approach to implementing nonprofit accountability by creating relationships within the community, nonprofits, and their funders.

Artwork Grand guidance
by Anne:Gogh

In a world of systemic oppression aimed towards those of darker skintones – representation matters. We are more than our equity elusive environments, more than numbers in a prison and much more than victims of societal dispositions. This piece depicts a melanated young man draped in a cape ascending high above multiple forms of oppression. […]

Artwork Shea
by Anthony Valentine

Shea is a story about race and social inequalities that plague America. It is a narrative that prompts the question, “Do you know what it’s like to wake up in new skin?”

Artwork The Declaration of Human Rights
by Andres Chaparro

Through my artwork I strive to create an example of ideas that reflect my desire to raise social consciousness, and cultural awareness. Jazz music is the catalyst to all my work, and plays a major influence in each piece of work.”

Artwork ‘A thing of beauty. Destroy it forever’
by Richard DiCarlo | Derby

During times like these it’s often fun to revisit something familiar and approach things with a different slant. I have been taking some Pop culture and Art masterpieces and applying the vintage 1960’s and 70’s classic figures (Fisher Price, little people) to the make an amusing pieces. Here is my homage to Fisher -Price, Yellow […]

Twitter Feed
A Twitter List by CTMirror

Engage

  • Reflections Tickets & Sponsorships
  • Events
  • Donate
  • Newsletter Sign-Up
  • Submit to Viewpoints
  • Submit to ArtPoints
  • Economic Indicator Dashboard
  • Speaking Engagements
  • Commenting Guidelines
  • Legal Notices
  • Contact Us

About

  • About CT Mirror
  • Announcements
  • Board
  • Staff
  • Sponsors and Funders
  • Donors
  • Friends of CT Mirror
  • History
  • Financial
  • Policies
  • Strategic Plan

Opportunity

  • Advertising and Sponsorship
  • Speaking Engagements
  • Use of Photography
  • Work for Us

Go Deeper

  • Steady Habits Podcast
  • Economic Indicator Dashboard
  • Five Things

The Connecticut News Project, Inc. 1049 Asylum Avenue, Hartford, CT 06105. Phone: 860-218-6380

© Copyright 2021, The Connecticut News Project. All Rights Reserved. Website by Web Publisher PRO